Avoidance or Incapacitation

Avoidance or Incapacitation: A Discussion on Definition and Validity of Objective Measures of Avoidance, Persistence, and Overactivity.

Prevention through Treatment or Incapacitation?

The Criminal Code of 1902 was in effect until October 2015, and has consequently framed Norwegian criminal law for more than a Century. The code was originally part of a larger penal reform and pivotal in Norwegian socialand criminal policy-making at the turn of the century. The Law Professor Francis Hagerup (1853-1921) emphasised the year before the code was adopted that the reform did not onl...

Does Incapacitation Reduce Crime?

Questions and answers about incapacitation abound in all discussions about criminal justice policy. They are among the most pressing of all research issues, yet estimates about the incapacitation effect on crime vary considerably, and most are based on very old and incomplete estimates of the longitudinal pattern of criminal careers. This paper provides an overview of the incapacitation issue, ...

Revisiting Incapacitation: Can We Generate New Estimates?

A substantial body of empirical research examines how the huge expansion in incarceration in the United States since the early 1970s has influenced crime. These studies merge the effects of three conceptually distinct paths by which incarceration might reduce crime: general deterrence, specific deterrence and incapacitation. This issue of the Journal focuses specifically on the incapacitation p...

Study of simulated airline pilot incapacitation: phase II. Subtle or partial loss of function.